Window



Jan. 7', 1936. M. E; LOONEY 7,2

WINDOW Filed Sept. 6, 19:5 1 s Sheets-Sheet 2 Mar/Z EL/gpzze a: 4 a W Atty M. E. LOONEY Jan. 7,

WINDOW 5 Sheets- Sheet 3 Filed Sept. 6, 1933 fnverztai; MarkELaarze Patented Jan. 7, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 8 Claims.

This invention relates to closure members, and more particularly to an improved. window construction.

The principal object of the invention is to pro- 5 vide a'window structure or the like which is of simple design and neat appearance; which is inexpensive to manufacture; which may be easily assembled and installed in either new or old structures; and which is so constructed that the 10 sash or panel members may be readilymanipulated and firmly held in any of a plurality of positions without disturbing or interfering with screening, awnings, or, other objects disposed on the outside of the window.

15 Another object is to provide a window structure of weatherproof construction wherein the sash or panel members are designed for both sliding and pivotal movement and wherein the position of each sash or panel member may I to readily be reversed so that its exposed surface may be conveniently cleaned or repaired from the inside of the window, thus avoiding the dangers and inconvenience incident to cleaning and repair in the customary manner.

25- Further objects relate to the details of construction and to the operation of my improved construction and will be apparent from a consideration of the following description and accompanying drawings which exemplify one embodi- 30;ment of the invention chosen for the purpose of illustration.

Inthe drawings: I Fig. 1 is an elevational view of the outside of a window constructed in accordance with the jpresent invention;

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary section on the line 33 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4. is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view through the upper sash member, showing the normal position of the parts when the window is closed;

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 4, but showing 45 the position of the retaining strip when released; Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail viewed from the line 55 of Fig. 4, showing the construction at the upper left-hand corner of thesash member;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary section on Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 8, but showing a modified construction;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged section on the line 9-9 of Fig. 8; N

Fig. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view through 5 the window, showing the panel or sash members in tilted position; and

Figs. 11, 12, 13 and 14 are diagrammatic sectional views, on a reduced scale, illustrating the various positions in which the panel or sash 10 members may be adjusted.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 10 the window construction shown therein comprises a frame or casement in which is slidably mounted a pair of sash or panel members A and B, each of which 15 is of conventional construction. The casement comprises uprights I and 2, a sill 3, a top stile 4 having a recess 4* on its under surface adjacent to each end, and an outer casing 5, the inner m-argms of which extend inwardly relative to the uprights I and 2, as shown in Figs. 3 and 6, to provide a retaining head. The sill, stile and casing are of usual construction, and the usual weather strips may be provided at the top and bottom of the sash members A and B and, if desired, screening or the like designated by the numeral 6 in Fig. 10, may be provided on the outside of the sashes.

Each of the upright members I and 2, as shown in Figs. 3 and 6, is provided with a pair of spaced recesses I and 8 and a pair of spaced slots 9 and I0, the slots 9 and I0 being disposed closely adjacent to the recesses l and 8, respectively, and each of the slots and recesses preferably extend substantially the entire length of the uprights as 85 shown in Figs. 2 and 10. The thickness of the lateral edges of each of the sash members A and B is greater than the combined width of the companionslots and recesses as will be apparent from inspection of Figs. 3 and 6. 40

Mounted in the recesses I and 8 are guide rails or rods I I and I2 which areheld in spaced relation to the walls of. the recessesby spacer elements I4 and firmly secured at their ends by any suitable means such as screws I5. Runners, designated generally by the numeral 20, are slidably mounted on the guide rods, as shown in Figs. 8, 8*- and 9, and each is freely movable along the rod and within the recess. For convenience, the runners associated with the upper sash A are designated by the numeral 20 and those associated with the lower sash B are designated by the numeral 20 Each runner is of substantially the same construction and comprises a tubular member 2I which surrounds the rod or rail and its outer surface 22 is substantially flush with the surface of upright as shown in Figs. 4 and 7. The rear wall of the runner may extend either upwardly or downwardly beyond its body portion and may be provided with an opening 23 which forms part of a releasable locking device or latch designated by the numeral 25. The latch members associated with the upper sash are designated by the numeral 225 and those associated with the lower sash by the numeral 25 The locking device, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, comprises a locking dog 26 which consists of a plate having an elliptical opening 21 which surrounds therod i2 and an integral tongue 28 depending from its free end. The opposite end of the plate may be tapered slightly to fit loosely in the opening 23 of the rear wall of the runner so that the dog 26 may rook longitudinally of the rod i2 from looking position wherein it grips or engages the rod, to released position. The dog 26 is normally held in looking position by a coil spring 29 interposed between the dog and the end of the runner and surrounding the rod i2. The spring 29 is freely movable along the rod and is held compressed so as normally to urge or rock the dog into locking engagement with the guide rod I2.

The construction shown in Fig. 8 is such that upward movement of the runner tends to release the looking dog, causing it to swing downwardly so as to lose its grip on the rod, whereas attempted downward movement of the runner tends to rock or swing the locking dog upwardly, causing it to grip the guide rod l2 more firmly and thus lock the runner against downward movement. The locking dog may be released merely by pressing the tongue 28 inwardly toward the rod 12 thereby rocking the dog from looking position to released position wherein the runner may be freely slid along the guide rod. By transposing the position of the dog and spring on the opposite end of the runner, as shown in Fig. 4, the operation of the locking device may be reversed, that is, downward movement of the runner releasing the locking dog and attempted upward movement causing the locking dog to grip the guide rod, thus preventing upwardmovement of therunner.

As shown in Fig. 8 a positiveinterlocking engagement may be had by providing the guide rod 12 with series of spaced notches 30. With this construction the locking dog 26, under the action of the spring 29, engages the notched portions of the guide rod and positively locks therunner against movement one way or the other along the rod. As indicated in Figs. 2 and 7 the runner and associated locking devices which are associated with the lower sash B preferably embody the arrangement shown in Figs. 8 and 9,

whereas those associated with the upper sash .A'

embody the reverse arrangement indicated in Fig. 4.

The runners 20 and 26 are pivotally connected to the sash members A and B, respectively, by links 32 and 32 The length of each of the links is preferably of the order of one-half the length of the lateral edges of the sash members and each link is preferably connected toits respective sash member adjacent to the center of its lateral edge as shown in Figs. 10 to 14. the window is closed, as shown in Figsgl and 2, the locking devices 25% are disposed below the low- When er edge of the upper sash A, and the locking de- ..vices 25 are disposedabove the' llpper edge of. the lower sash B, the runners and links being concealed by the lateral edges of the sash members.

In the construction thus far described, the sash members A and B may not only be slid upwardly and downwardly in the casement, but may also be bodily swung out of the casement and rotated about their pivotal connections with the links. In order to confine the sash members within the easement and still permit the aforementioned sliding and pivotal movement of both sash members, releasable retaining means are provided for holding each of the sash members within the easement. To this end the lateral edges of the upper sash A are provided with longitudinally extending slots 35 (Figs. 3 and 4) which are juxtaposed to and communicate with the slots 9 in the uprights, and the lateral edges of the lower sash B are likewise provided with similar slots 36 (Figs. 6 and 7) communicating with the slots l0. Retaining strips 49 and 40 of metal or other suitable material are disposed in the slots 35 and 36, respectively, and are supported adjacent to their ends by links 62 and 43 which are pivotally connected at their inner ends-to the sash members by screws 44 and at their outer ends to the retaining strips by rivets or other suitable, means. The retaining strip, links and the edge .of the sash constitute, in eifect, a fourbar or parallel motion linkage system wherein themovement of the retaining strip, in response to pivotal movement of the links 42 and '43, is always parallel to the edge of the sash. The width of the retaining strips is approximately equal to or slightly less than the depth: of the slots 35 and 36 so that when the strips are in nested or released position, as shown in Fig; 4*, they lie within the slots in the sash members, and when in extended position they project into-the slots 9 and I0, as shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 6.- Movement of the strips from one position to'the other is effected by means of a lever or thumbpiece 38 which may be secured to the top link 42 or the upper end of the retaining strip so as to be conveniently disposed on the upper edge of v,

With this construction the retaining strips provide guiding means which confine the movement of the sash to a rectilinear path within the easement and also provide weather strips on each of the lateral edges of the sashes.

The operation of my new window construction is as follows:

With the sash members A and B fully closed'as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and the retaining strips ine-and 46 in extended. position, the sash.'A.-.is held against downward movement by the latch devices 25 and may be lowered to any desired position by exerting a downward pressure on its frame sufficient to releasethe grip of the locking. dogs on the guide rods, and in similar manner the lower sash B may be raised by pressing upwardly on its frame. When the sash A is thus lowered, the latch devices 25*, as previously noted, prevent upward .movement and .consequently, in order toraise or close the sash it is necessary to release the latch devices by pressing their tongues upwardly. This may be conven= ientlyaccomplished by applying theforce necessary to raise the sash on the tongues, the force The operation of the lower sash B is substantially the same as the upper sash except that the latch devices may be released sufficiently,

by upward pressure, to permit the sash to be raised, and in order to lower or close the sash j the latch devices must be manuallyreleased and soheld while lowering.

In order to swing the sash members out of the casement, it is merely necessary to release the retaining strips fromtheir extended positions,

whereupon the sash members may be swung bodily from the easement. For example, to remove the upper sash from the casement it is first lowered sufliciently to permit access to the thumbpieces 38, so that the retaining strips 4i] may be swung to nested position, and the sash may then be swung from approximately the position shown in Fig. 2 to any desired position, such for example, as the position shown by the broken lines in eitherFig. 10 or 13. In similar manner the lower sash may be swung from the casement into any of a plurality of positions as indicated by the broken lines in Figs. 10 and 11. By raising or lowering the runners, the angular position of the sash members relative tothe casement, as well as their positions relative to each other, may be varied throughout a wide range of positions as indicated in Figs. 11 to 14.

In the particular embodiment herein shown the inwardly projecting margins of the casing 5 (Figs. 3 and 6) serve as abutments which support the bottom edges of the sashes when in tilted position and thus prevent them from being swung outwardly. The frictional engagement between the casing 5 and the bottom edges of the sashes is usually sufiicient to hold the sash in tilted position, although, if desired, various expedients may be adopted for accomplishing this, for example, by providing the marginal portion of the casing 5 with notches 45,'as shown in Fig. 13, which receive the corner portions of the sashes and thus securely hold them in the desired position.

The various positions into which the panel or sash members of a window or the like closure, constructed in accordance with the present invention, may be adjusted and held is particularly advantageous in dwellings and oflice buildings in that the sashes may be adjusted so as to provide a no-draft ventilation arrangement, as will appear from an inspection of Figs. 11 and 12. Furthermore, the sashes may be reversed so that their outer surfaces face inwardly, as shown in Fig. 14, and hence cleaning or repair work may be done conveniently from the inside without disturbing or removing screening or other objects disposed on the outside of the sashes, and thus the dangers and inconvenience incident to cleaning and repair in the customary manner are herein shown may be easily and quickly in stalled as a unit in either new or old buildings and may be made in various sizes, shapes, etc.

While I have shown and described one desirable embodiment it should be understood that 5 the present disclosure is for the purpose of il--. lustration only and that various changes in shape, arrangement and proportion of parts, as well as the substitution of equivalent elements for those herein shown and described, may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

I claim: 1

1. A window construction comprising relatively 15 movable frame and sash members, guiding means including a rail secured to one of said members and a runner slidable thereon, means for locking said rail and runner in relatively fixed'position, a link pivotally secured at one end to said runner and pivotally connected at its opposite end to the other of said members, and releasable retaining means operative to hold the sash member within the frame member.

2. A window construction comprising a frame, a sash member movable within said frame, a rail secured to said frame, a runner slidably mounted on said rail, yieldable means carried by said runner for locking said runner to said rail, a link pivotally secured at one end to said runner'and 30 at its opposite end to said sash member, and releasable retaining means operative to hold the sash member within said frame.

3. A window construction comprising a frame, a sash movable within said frame, a guide rail 35 secured to said frame, a runner slidably mounted on said rail, yieldable means carried by said runner for locking the runner to said rail, 2. link pivotally secured at one end to said runner and at its other end tosaid sash, and releasable means 40. for obtaining said sash Within said frame, said latter means being constructed and arranged to confine the movement of said sash to a rectilinear path when in normal position and upon release permit the sash to be swung from said frame.

4. In a construction of the class described, the combination of a frame, a panel member slidable therein, a guide rail secured to said frame, a

runner connected .to said panel and slidably mounted on said rail, and releasable means for 50 holding said runner in fixed position relative to said rail, said means comprising a locking dog embracing said rail and pivotally mounted on. said runner to rock from locking position wherein it grips said rail to released position, and a 55 spring member acting upon said dog normally to hold it in looking position, said locking dog and spring being so constructed and arranged that movement of said runner in one direction releases the locking action of said dog and movement of 60 said runner in the opposite direction cooperates with the action of said spring to efiect locking action of said dog.

5. In a window construction, the, combination of a frame having a longitudinally extending re- 65 cess, a sash slidable in said frame, a guide rod disposed in said recess, a runner slidably mounted on said rod within said recess and connected 'to said sash, and releasable means for locking said runner to said rodcomprising a locking dog embracing said rod and'pivotally mounted on said runner to rock from locking position wherein it grips said rod to released position, a coil spring surrounding said rod and slidable with said runner, said spring acting upon said dog and nor- 76.

mally holding it in looking position, said locking dogand-spring'being so'constructed and arranged that movement of said runner in one directionreleases the locking action of said dog and movement of said runner in the opposite direction cooperates with theaction of said spring to eifect locking action of said dog, and means connected to said clog for-rocking it from looking position to released position. 7

6. In awindow construction, the combination .zlof aframe having a longitudinally extending and releasable means for locking said runner to said sash comprising a locking dog embracing saidrod and pivotally mounted on said runner to rock from locking position wherein it engages one of the notched portions of said rod to released i;.'position wherein it clears said notched positions,

aspring member carried by said runner and normally acting upon said dog to urge it toward looking position, said locking dog and spring being so constructed and arranged that movement of said runner in one direction releases the locking action of said dog and movement of said runner in the opposite direction cooperates with the action of said spring to effect locking action of said dog, andreleasing means carried by said dog, said a means being operative to rock said dog from lockposition to released position.

7. A window construction comprising a frame, v a sash slidable in said frame, a guide rail secured tosaid frame, a runner slidably mounted on said-- rail, locking means for-holding said runner in fixed relation to said guide rail, a link pivotallysecured at one end to said runner and at its opposite end to the side of said sash adjacent to its center, the length of said link being of the order of one-half the length of said sash thereby to permit the sash to swing out of said frame into reversed position, and releasable retaining means constructed and arranged to hold said sash within said frame.

8. A Window construction comprising a frame having a longitudinally extending recess in each '1 side, a sash slidable in'said frame, a guide rail disposed in each recess, a runner slidably mounted on each guide rail, releasable means for looking each runner and guide rail in fixed position, releasable retaining means for holding said sash 2 and confining its movement to a rectilinear path within said frame, and a pair of links each of which is pivotally connected at one end to a runner and at its other end to one side of the sash, the length of said links being such as to 2,) 

